Below is a list of songs that should help to describe the feeling of various points in history. Music is one of the greatest forms of expression available and therefore is one of the best ways to communicate emotion.
As a helpful reference I have created a brief Timeline of Eras in History to help understand the context in which this music was created. An alternative perspective based on the various Eras in Music History alone has also been made. I chose to organize this list based on all encompassing eras in history because its purpose is to choose songs which describe the tone or feeling of living during these times. Dates given are approximately when the songs were written.
This list is an ongoing work in progress.
Dark Ages
Te Deum - Saint Ambrose or Saint Augustine, 4th century
Da pacem Domine - 6th or 7th century
Medieval Period
Monks of the Monastery
Renaissance
Innsbruck Ich Muß Dich Lassen - Heinrich Isaac (1450–1517)
Classic Era
Greensleeves - Richard Jones, 1580
Dona Nobis Pacem - Unknown, 16th or 17th century
La Cascade, Chaconne in F major - Ennemond Gaultier, (1575-1651)
Canon and Gigue in D - Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706)
Les Baricades Mistérieuses - François Couperin (1668-1733)
The Four Seasons - Vivaldi, 1717
Concerto for Two Violins - J. S. Bach, 1717
Brandenburg Concertos - J. S. Bach, 1721
"Air" from the 3rd Orchestral Suite, 2nd Movement - J. S. Bach, 1731
Come Sweet Death - J. S. Bach, 1736
Minuet From Divertimento in D Major - Mozart, 1780
La Flauta Magica - Mozart, 1791
Romantic Era
Für Elise - Ludwig van Beethoven, 1810
Silent Night - Joseph Mohr and Franz Xaver Gruber, 1818
Ave Maria - Franz Schubert, 1825
Nocturne In E Flat Major, Op.9 No.2 - Frederic Chopin, 1832
Liebst du um Schönheit - Clara Schumann, 1841
Wedding March (Lohengrin) - Richard Wagner, 1850
Entrance Of Gods Into Valhalla (Das Rheingold) - Richard Wagner, 1854
Forest Murmurs (Siegfried) - Richard Wagner, 1876
1812 Overture - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, 1882
Arabesque #1 - Claude Debussy, 1888
9th Symphony "New World" 2nd Movement - Antonín Dvořák, 1893
Modern Era
White Christmas - Irving Berlin, 1942
The Christmas Waltz - Sammy Cahn, 1954
Groovy Kind of Love - Toni Wine and Carole Bayer Sager, 1965
God Only Knows - Brian Wilson, 1966
Simple Man - Lynyrd Skynyrd, 1973
Baby Blue - George Strait, 1987
November Rain - Guns N' Roses, 1992
Harvest Moon - Neil Young, 1992
1979 - Smashing Pumpkins, 1996
The Kids Aren't Alright, - The Offspring, 1998
Remember When - Alan Jackson, 2002
I Met a Girl - William Michael Morgan, 2016
I will sing unto the Lord, because he hath dealt bountifully with me.
Psalms 13:6